Page 1 The University of Sydney INFO5992 Understanding IT Innovations Innovation Report Rola Fanousse Semester 2, 2021 The University of Sydney Page 2 Copyright warning COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of Sydney pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. The University of Sydney Page 3 Individual Report Announcement Date (Discussion) Monday Aug 30, 2021 (6:00PM) Week 4 Upload Date Monday Aug 30, 2021 (8:00PM) Week 4 Due Date Sunday Oct 24, 2021 (11:59 Sydney time) Week 10 Week Assessed Week 1-9 Outcome Assessed LO1, LO2, LO3, LO4, LO5, LO6, LO7, LO8, LO9 Topics Assessed One or more of the following topics may be assessed: • Importance of Innovation to a Country • General Purpose Technologies • Dynamics of IT Innovation • Dominant Design • Disruptive Innovation • Innovator’s Dilemma • Value Chain & Value Network • Open Innovation & Distributed Innovation • Customer Development Process • Value Proposition Canvas • Business Model Canvas Weight 30% Individual Assessment Yes Format Report (PDF) – To be uploaded to Canvas Description Student will select one technology (form a list), one industry (from a list) and two related real-world companies, in which they would apply concepts and frameworks from week 1-3. More detail will be available in a separate document. Innovation Research Report Individual Report The University of Sydney Page 6 Instructions – Select one technology from the list provided below. – Select one industry from the list provided below – Select two companies in your selected industry that have developed and deployed the technology to the industry. – You may choose companies at various stages: revenue-generating, market-ready product, in-field/ lab prototype, or early-stage R&D. – If you select companies that do not have customers, you may have difficulties with Section 5 of the assignment where you have to build a Business Model Canvas (eg you may not find evidence of the customer segments which the company is targeting or planning to target). The University of Sydney Page 7 Innovation Report – Learning Objectives – Research into an emerging technology – Research into companies which are developing and/or deploying the technology in the industry – Application and critical analyses of innovation concepts for an emerging technology The University of Sydney Page 8 Report Structure – Total word limit of 3,000 words Section % of marks Requirements Additional information Section 1 Technology 20% • Define and describe your selected technology • Assess the current and future development of the selected technology • Discuss about how the technology is applied to your selected industry Refer to the instructions about how you can select your technology from a predefined list. Note that the total word limit is 3,000 words, excluding references and charts. Section 2 Importance to Australia & Role of Government 15% • Discuss about the actual and potential impact of the selected technology to Australia as a country • Discuss about the role of the Australian government in the development and commercialization of the selected technology Section 3 Diffusion of Innovation 15% • Evaluate the rate of adoption of the selected technology • Evaluate which stage the selected technology lies in the Technology Adoption Lifecycle Model Section 4 Dominant Design 25% • Define and describe a product category which is enabled by your selected technology • Evaluate whether there is a dominant design for the product category. o If there is a dominant design, describe the architecture which is adopted and another architecture which was not adopted. o If there is no dominant design, describe at least two architectures that are part of the design competition. • Apply the Technology Cycle for the product category, including its key aspects and the variation and selection process of the design competition. Section 5 Business Model Canvas 20% • Apply the nine building blocks of the Business Model Canvas to both of your selected companies. o Refer to the lecture slides for the nine building blocks and what you should focus on applying for each building block. o Your work should be presented in the standard Business Model Canvas format which can be found in this document 4 pages below. o Since you have two companies and each canvas is one-page, you should end up with 2 pages for this section. The words in the Business Model Canvas count towards the total word limit of 3,000 words. N/A 5% Quality of writing, referencing, written communication. The University of Sydney Page 9 Notes for the Report – Figures (images or diagrams), tables and quotes are typically very effective in an essay. Please use them, but only if it adds useful information to your report. If you do, you must reference the source of the information. – You are encouraged to create your own figures and tables. If you do, show that you created them (e.g., “created by First name Surname for INFO5992”) – When referring to a figures / tables, make sure appropriate description is given so that they are understandable – figures / tables contain a lot of information! – There is no template – please use a template of your own choice. It is OK for the text to be either single-spaced or double-spaced. – Use Harvard or Vancouver referencing style – keep your referencing style consistent The University of Sydney Page 10 Notes for the Report – Sources: – Read widely; read journal articles (eg online through the library), online magazines and high quality blogs. – Using reliable scholarly sources – innovation literature – Wikipedia is highly variable in quality, derivative and typically not a good source for your essay (except perhaps for gaining a general understanding before reading more deeply from the literature or high- quality blogs) – Company websites are rarely unbiased descriptions of examples (though may provide some useful information that should be understood in its context) – There are tips on library use (and referencing) at http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/skills/ List of Industries Industries Select one industry from the Global Industry Classification Standard: • Refer to: https://www.msci.com/gics • You may select a “Sector”, “Industry Group”, “Industry” or “Sub-Industry” • It depends on how specific you’d like your selection to be. The University of Sydney Page 12 Technology Topics Technology selection Select a technology from the following list: 1. 2-way brain-computer interface 2. Generative artificial intelligence 3. Nanosatellites 4. Federated learning 5. Explainable artificial intelligence 6. DNA Computing and storage 7. Differential learning 8. Electric Smart-Grid & Micro-Grid 9. Green Technology The University of Sydney Page 12 Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 15 2-Way Brain-Computer Interface Technology 1 (out of 9) BCI is a type of user interface in which there is a direct communication link between the brain and an external device. This connection is a two-way link, or bidirectional. One direction involves sending brain activity to a computer, and the computer translating brain activity into motor commands. Communication can also happen in the other direction – where the computer sends information directly to the brain Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 16 Generative Artificial Intelligence Technology 2 (out of 9) Generative AI generate new, artificial data based on a data distribution derived from training data. Unlike discriminative AI which evaluates candidates and discriminates between different kinds of data instances, generative AI generate new data instances. Generative AI can generate new images, natural language, code, human speech and more. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 17 Nanosatellites Technology 3 (out of 9) Nanosatellites are small satellites that are deployed to low-earth orbit (LEO) at an altitude of between 160 to 2,000km for a range of missions, including earth observation (imaging), communication, and PNT (positioning, navigation & timing). Unlike traditional satellites that are large and heavy, nanosatellites are small, light, cheaper and faster to manufacture, and easier to launch. A network of nanosatellites can provide continuous, global coverage and may prove to be superior compared to current alternatives. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 18 Federated Learning Technology 4 (out of 9) Federated Learning enables the training of machine learning models across multiple decentralised edge devices or servers holding local training data. It allows separate edge devices to collaboratively learn a shared model while keeping all training data on individual devices. This is contrasted with standard machine learning where the data and training process is centralised at a central server. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 19 Explainable Artificial Intelligence Technology 5 (out of 9) Recent years have seen significant advances in the capabilities of artificial intelligence – being able to produce highly accurate results (e.g. predictions). However, they are also highly complex, if not outright opaque, rendering their workings difficult to interpret. There is a need to understand how AI works, and how and why a particular decision was reached. Explainable AI addresses the issues of “black-box models” by making AI interpretable, explainable, transparent, justifiable and contestable. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 20 DNA Computing and Storage Technology 6 (out of 9) DNA Computing and Storage use DNA and biochemistry in place of silicon or quantum architectures to perform computation and store data. The data is encoded into synthetic DNA for storage and enzymes enable processing through chemical reactions. DNA Computing and Storage will transform data storage, processing parallelism and computing efficiency. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 21 Differential Privacy Technology 7 (out of 9) Differential Privacy enables privacy-preserving data analysis so that data can be collected, shared and analysed whilst preserving the privacy of individuals. It applies noise functions of certain characteristics to datasets or query results so that no specifics of individual records present in the original dataset are revealed, while simultaneously allowing the dataset to provide insights through data analytics. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 22 Electric Smart Grid & Micro-Grid Technology 8 (out of 9) Conventional electricity grid is a centralised system that transfers high-voltage power from various generation stations to sub-stations through transmission lines. This centralised system delivers power from the generation station to consumers in a uni-directional flow. As Distributed Energy Sources (such as renewable energy) are integrated to conventional electricity grids, severe supply fluctuations occur due to variability in the supply of energy from renewable energy sources. These fluctuations can cause issues with reliability and quality of power and increase the risk of damage to network infrastructure. Smart Electric Grid enables decentralised generation and distribution of electricity from distributed sources of energy across the electricity system network, and networks of localised grids known as Micro-Grids may provide self-sufficient systems for individual communities that can operate independently. Students are not allowed to use this description in section one of their assignment. This only serves as an introduction with the sole purpose of helping students to select a technology. The University of Sydney Page 23 Green Technology Technology 9 (out of 9) Green technology refers to any technology which reduces or eliminates the impact of human activities on the environment with a view to protect the environment, reverse/repair damage already done to the enrionment, and conserve the Earth’s natural resources. Examples of Green Technology include renewable energy, recycling and waste management, and wastewater treatment. Business Model Canvas Template You are not required to use this specific template from Strategyzer. However, you are expected to present your Business Model Canvas in the same format -- in terms of the relative positions of the different building blocks. For example, the Value Proposition is in the middle of the canvas, Customer Segment on the right side with Customer Relationships and Channels in-between and Revenue Streams expanding across all four blocks at the bottom. There is a logical sequence to the canvas. Refer to the lecture recording where we introduce the canvas in the correct logical sequence. Submissions The University of Sydney Page 27 Submission Notes – Submit your Innovation Report by Week 10 Sunday Oct 24, 2021 (11:59pm Sydney time) – The essay must be submitted electronically through Canvas and must be submitted in PDF format. – It will go through Turnitin – The electronic submission must be accompanied by a signed individual assessment coversheet (either in the same file or in a separate file) available from: – http://sydney.edu.au/engineering/it/current_students/postgrad_coursework/guideli nes/assessment-guidlelines.shtml The University of Sydney Page 28 Word limit – Students that exceed the word limit will attract a penalty of 10% for every 100 words that are over the word limit The University of Sydney Page 29 Late Submission Penalties – Suppose you hand in work after the deadline – If you have not been granted special consideration or arrangements: – In accordance with University Policy, the penalty comprises deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date. – After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded. – The penalty will be calculated by first marking the work, and then subtracting 5% of the maximum awardable mark for each calendar day after the due date. – Submit early; you can resubmit if there is time before the deadline – Each semester, there are always unfortunate cases – if any issues with the submission, email BEFORE the submission time as a proof Finding the right References The University of Sydney Page 31 References – Find journal articles or high-quality online sources on the topic – News / Magazine / Editorial articles can be used to support your topic, e.g., used as an example – Consultancy reports e.g., HBR, McKinsey are OK, especially as they introduce newer topics / examples – If in doubt about quality of reading, please check with your teaching team – Note: Be careful in how you treat information from companies (such as press releases, product websites, whitepapers) as they may be biased!) The University of Sydney Page 32 References – University Library – https://library.sydney.edu.au/ – Google Scholar – https://scholar.google.com.au/ – Google – Be careful of identifying reliable sources – ! Wikipedia – perhaps only for you to read and understand The University of Sydney Page 33 Reference Management Software – Make maintaining references and creating bibliographies easy – EndNote: • Free for Uni of Sydney staff and students • For Windows, Mac • Plug-in for MS Word • http://libguides.library.usyd.edu.au/endnote – Zotero: • Free, open source • For Windows, Mac, Linux, … • Plug-in for Firefox, MS Word, Open Office • http://www.zotero.org – Many others: • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_reference_management_s oftware The University of Sydney Page 34 Other resources – https://library.sydney.edu.au/help/online-training/elearning/ Academic dishonesty and plagiarism The University of Sydney Page 36 Academic dishonesty and plagiarism • Please read the University policy on Academic Honesty carefully: http://sydney.edu.au/elearning/student/EI/academic_honesty.shtml • All cases of academic dishonesty and plagiarism will be investigated • There is a new process and a centralized University system and database • Three types of offenses: • Plagiarism – when you copy from another student, website or other source. This includes copying the whole assignment or only a part of it. • Academic dishonesty – when you make your work available to another student to copy (the whole assignment or a part of it). There are other examples of academic dishonesty. • Misconduct - when you engage another person to complete your assignment (or a part of it), for payment or not. This is a very serious matter and the Policy requires that your case is forwarded to the University Registrar for investigation. The University of Sydney Page 37 Penalties • The penalties are severe and include: 1) a permanent record of academic dishonesty, plagiarism and misconduct in the University database and on your student file 2) mark deduction, ranging from 0 for the assignment to Fail for the course 3) expulsion from the University and cancelling of your student visa • Do not confuse legitimate co-operation and cheating! You can discuss the assignment with another student, this is a legitimate collaboration, but you cannot complete the assignment together – everyone must write their own code or report, unless the assignment is group work. • When there is copying between students, note that both students are penalised – the student who copies and the student who makes his/her work available for copying The University of Sydney Page 38 Detection • We will use the similarity detection software TurnItIn and MOSS to compare your assignments with these of other students (current and previous) and the Internet • Turnitin is for text documents: http://www.turnitin.com/en_us/higher-education • MOSS is for programming code: https://theory.stanford.edu/~aiken/moss/ • These tools are extremely good! • e.g. MOSS cannot be fooled by changing the names of the variables or changing the order of the conditions in if-else statements • Examples of plagiarism in programming code: • http://www.upenn.edu/academicintegrity/ai_computercode.html The University of Sydney Page 39 Student excuses • All these are cases of plagiarism and academic dishonesty we have seen in our school • The student excuses are not acceptable: • I sat the test and then posted the questions and solutions to my friends whose test was later in the week. I only wanted to help them understand the concepts that are examinable. • I posted parts of my code on my web page (or the group discussion forum) because my solution was cool (or I wanted to help them). I didn’t expect them to copy it. • I tried to do the assignment on my own but I had problems with the extension part that I couldn’t fix, so I submitted my core part and his extension part. I didn’t cheat. • I finished my assignment but my friend had family problems. I felt sorry for her, so I gave her my assignment as an example. She said she only wanted to have a look and promised not to copy it. The University of Sydney Page 40 Students excuses (2) • The test has finished but the tutor hasn’t collected the papers yet. I showed my answer to my friend. I didn’t expect him to copy it. • He is my best friend. I had no choice but to let him copy my assignment. • I couldn’t find a partner to work in pairs, so I joined their pair as they are my friends (when only groups of maximum of 2 students are allowed – illegitimate collaboration). The University of Sydney Page 41 Key message • Plagiarism and any form of academic dishonesty will be dealt with, and the penalties are severe • We use plagiarism detection systems such as MOSS that are extremely good. If you cheat, the chances you will be caught are very high. • If someone asks you to see or copy your assignment, or to complete the assignment instead of them, just say: I can’t do this - we can both be thrown out of the University. I will not risk my future by doing this. Be smart and don’t risk your future by engaging in plagiarism and academic dishonesty!
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