12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 1/18 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 Test Information Description Instructions Timed Test This test has a time limit of 2 hours and 30 minutes.This test will save and submit automatically when the time expires. Warnings appear when half the time, 5 minutes, 1 minute, and 30 seconds remain. [The timer does not appear when previewing this test] Multiple Attempts Not allowed. This test can only be taken once. Force Completion This test can be saved and resumed at any point until time has expired. The timer will continue to run if you leave the test. BIOL1020 nal examination is weighted at 50% of you total mark for the course. Answer ALL questions in the Blackboard test in the “Final Exam” folder on the course Blackboard site (located below the Assessment folder). Part A – MCQs 30 marks; Part B – short answer 70 marks At the end of the exam there will be a free text box eld. Please use this to specify any assumptions you have made in completing the exam and which questions those assumptions relate to. You may also include queries you may have made with respect to a particular question, should you have been able to ‘raise your hand’ in an examination room. 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 2/18 Agree Disagree QUESTION 1 As a UQ student: I acknowledge that academic integrity is a core value of The University of Queensland community. I will be courageous in upholding the University’s values at all times, even when studying is di cult and no one else can see my actions. I will not give in to persuasive cheating messages or pursue unauthorised help, but rather seek help from trusted support sources/services. I acknowledge that I am responsible for the consequences of my choices. As a student in this community I promise to complete all my assessment tasks, including exams online, with academic integrity in mind, to be fair to my peers, show respect for my lecturers/tutors, and uphold the reputation of the University. I am committed to sustaining an environment of honest and mutual trust, in which I can represent my own knowledge, skills and capabilities. I will strive for academic excellence through the authenticity of my study practices and assessment responses. Then I can be proud of my achievements and know I have completed all the requirements of my degree with integrity. 0 points Save Answer Yes No QUESTION 2 Please download the Codon Table from the link below at the start of your exam. BIOL1020 - Codon Table.pdf 0 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 3 A polysaccharide containing β(1→ 4) linkages is amylopectin cellulose amylose starch glycogen 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 3/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 4 Which of the following features of phospholipids are correct? Phospholipids are found in triacylglycerols Phospholipids are a component of steroids Phospholipids have hydrophobic head groups Phospholipids have hydrophilic tails Phospholipids are amphipathic 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 5 What are the main bonding forces responsible for the secondary structure of proteins? Hydrogen bonding Disul de linkages Salt bonds Van der Waal’s forces Hydrophobic bonding 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 6 The two strands of a DNA double helix are antiparallel. This means that: the two strands are mirror images only one of the two strands can be used as a template for replication, since DNA polymerase only works in one direction one strand runs in the 5' → 3' direction and the other runs in the 3' → 5' direction they both run in the 3' → 5' direction one strand is actually composed of RNA 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 4/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 7 What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? DNA ligase unwinds the parental double helix. DNA ligase catalyses the lengthening of telomeres. DNA ligase stabilises the unwound parental DNA. DNA ligase synthesizes RNA nucleotides to make a primer. DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments together. 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 8 Which of the following statements is TRUE? In prokaryotic cells the DNA is dispersed randomly throughout the cell The main di erence between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is the presence of a cell wall Chloroplasts can be found in multicellular and single cell organisms All eukaryotic cells except plants have mitochondria Eukaryotic cells have an impermeable membrane surrounding the nucleus 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 9 Which of the following accurately describes how an enzyme functions? Reduces the Gibbs free energy of the reactant Allows for the exothermic reaction of materials that are usually endothermic Reduces the activation energy Increases the Gibbs free energy of the products Shifts the equilibrium for the reaction 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 5/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 10 Which of the following statements BEST DESCRIBES how chemical energy is released from ATP? The chemical energy resides within the electrostatic repulsions between the three phosphate groups, and is released when the phosphate group is removed The chemical energy is stored in phosphoanhydride bonds, and released when these bonds are broken The chemical energy is stored in H2O, which is needed to hydrolyse ATP to ADP + Pi The chemical energy is stored within the three independent phosphate groups, and released each time a phosphate group is broken down The chemical energy is stored in the adenosine headgroup, and released when adenosine is separated from the three phosphate groups 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 11 Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs): Reach their peak concentration during S phase Are degraded at the end of each cell cycle checkpoint Bind to Maturation-Promoting Factor (MPF) to become active Are detected in the nucleus while being absent from the cytosol Phosphorylate mitosis proteins to pass cell cycle checkpoints 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 6/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 12 p53 serves as a tumour suppressor gene by: Replicating DNA that has been mutated Inhibiting the cell cycle in cells with damaged DNA Inhibiting repair mechanisms of DNA mutations Binding directly to DNA to prevent UV light exposure Promoting transcription in cells that have not been exposed to UV light 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 13 The iron response element (IRE) regulates ferritin production by: Binding to a transcription factor that regulates gene expression Acting as an iron-sensitive inducer of transcription Directing the iron-sensitive regulation of translation Converting a substrate to the ferritin product Iron-mediated catalysis 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 14 Which of these sentences most accurately describes heterochromatin? It consists mainly of DNA that is more densely packed and that is in a transcriptionally repressed state It consists mainly of DNA being in a transcriptionally repressed state It consists mainly of DNA being actively transcribed It consists mainly of more densely packed DNA It consists mainly of lightly packed DNA 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 7/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 15 Which of the following statements about mutations occurring in a protein coding sequence is NOT true? An insertion can be a silent substitution A nucleotide substitution can be an amino acid changing substitution An insertion can be an amino acid changing substitution A nucleotide substitution can be a silent substitution Both nucleotide substitutions and insertions can be deleterious 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 16 If the coding strand of DNA has the sequence 5’-CGAGACTTCTGA- 3’, what will the sequence of the transcribed RNA be? 5’-CGUGUCTTCTGU-3’ 3’-GCUCUGAAGACU-5’ 3’-GCTCTGAAGACT-5’ 5’-CGAGACTTCTGA-3’ 5’-CGAGACUUCUGA-3’ 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 17 Why do RNA viruses need to supply some of their own enzymes for replication? Viruses need the enzymes in order to metabolize host cell products Host cells degrade their own enzymes when viruses enter the cell Viruses lack the lipids they need to make envelopes Host cells lack the polymerase the viruses need to replicate their genomes Viruses need the enzymes to enter the cell 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 8/18 A. B. C. D. QUESTION 18 Which of the following is NOT true about meiosis I? Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart from one another during anaphase I At the beginning of anaphase I, the number of chromatids is twice the 2n number of chromosomes During metaphase I, chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate Meiosis I results in the creation of two genetically identical daughter cells 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 19 How is DNA arranged in a eukaryotic cell during the G1 phase of interphase? in condensed chromosomes by microtubule length in chromatin bers in plasmids in pairs of sister chromatids 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 20 How do you tell whether two genes are linked based on the phenotypic results of o spring from a dihybrid cross? If the genes are linked, certain combinations of phenotypes will not be observed as often among the o spring of a dihybrid cross If the genes are not linked, you cannot calculate o spring ratios using Punnett squares Linked genes will result in mutations being expressed only in male o spring If the two genes are on di erent chromosomes, all the o spring will look like the parents If the genes are linked, only one version of each trait is inherited 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_538509… 9/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 21 What type of inheritance pattern is suggested when the o spring of a dihybrid cross (such as BbCc × BbCc) have a 9:3:4 phenotypic ratio? incomplete dominance codominance polygenic inheritance pleiotropy epistasis 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 22 DNA fragments of 125, 2027, 3059, 4361 and 9416 base pairs are loaded into an agarose gel. After running the gel at 120 V for 1 hour, which fragment will be closest to the positive electrode? 4361 bp 3059 bp 9416 bp 125 bp 2027 bp 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 23 There are numerous conventions for allelic notations. Which of the following notations indicates a genotype that does NOT necessarily match the rest? b+g+/bg BG/bg ++/bg BbGg B_G/b_g 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 10/18 A. B. C. D. QUESTION 24 Remember that birds follow at ZW sex chromosome system where females are ZW and males are ZZ. In pigeons, colour is a Z- linked trait whereby Red is dominant over Blue, and Blue is dominant over Brown. A Brown female is crossed to a Red male. Which of the following is NOT a possible observation about their o spring? They are red and brown in a 1:1 ratio They are red and blue in a 1:1 ratio They are brown and blue in a 1:1 ratio They are all red 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 25 Which of the following statements about marker selected breeding is INCORRECT? Marker assisted breeding is being used in agriculture to: Identify the loci causing changes to the plant’s phenotype Quickly select plants that have a trait or phenotype of interest Avoid having to grow plants to maturity to select which individuals to retain for further breeding Increase harvest yields Relies upon genomic technologies 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 26 Which of the following statements about natural selection is INCORRECT? Alfred Russel Wallace identi ed natural selection as an evolutionary phenomenon. If there is variability in a trait among individuals, then natural selection will act on that population. Traits that have a selective advantage can change by environmental context. Natural selection depends on many individuals dying before they reproduce. Natural selection results in changes in allele frequencies. 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 11/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 27 A gene has two alleles, one dominant and one recessive. If the frequency of the homozygote recessive phenotype is 0.04, can you estimate the frequency of homozygous dominant phenotype individuals in that same population (assuming HWE)? Yes, 0.64 Yes, 0.80 No Yes, 0.20 Yes, 0.32 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 28 A snail population shows equal frequency in two di erent phenotypes related to the direction of the coils on its shell. Assume that coil direction is controlled by the locus coil where cc individuals have clockwise coils and CC and Cc individuals have counter clockwise coils. If snails preferentially mate with snails whose shells coil in the same way, then what will happen in this population? (It is actually a fact that snails whose shells are mirror images cannot easily copulate). There would be disruptive selection The snails would eventually go extinct due to strong selection The population would not evolve because the phenotypes are in equilibrium The genotypes and phenotypes would maintain Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium There would be stabilizing selection 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 12/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 29 The human genome is contained in One chromosome A red blood cell The mitochondria One gamete The microbiome 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 30 The E. coli genome contains over 4000 genes of which half are regarded as core genes found in all individuals. In considering the E. coli pan genome, what number of genes could the species actually have access to through conjugation and transformation? 200,000 genes 200 genes 20,000 genes 2000 genes 10,000 genes 1 points Save Answer A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 31 The relationship between organism complexity and genome size for eukaryotes can be described as An exponential relationship Inverse relationship A linear relationship There is no relationship There is only a relationship for single cell eukaryotes 1 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 13/18 A. B. C. D. E. QUESTION 32 Natural selection operates on the phenotypic diversity of a population. Which of the following will not contribute to natural selection? Polymorphisms in regulatory elements Polymorphism in non-coding DNA Non-synonymous polymorphism Polymorphism in coding sequence Synonymous polymorphisms 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 33 What would the comparative ease of digestion be of a polysaccharide composed purely of α(1→ 4) bonds compared with a polysaccharide composed of α(1→ 4) bonds and α(1→ 6) bonds? Explain your answer. 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 34 A. Antarctic sh B. Desert Iguana C. Human being D. Polar bear E. Thermophilic bacterium The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer that must remain uid in order to function. With this in mind, which of the following organisms would you predict to have the highest percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in their membrane? Explain your answer. 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 35 Describe THREE (3) similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts. 3 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 14/18 QUESTION 36 What is the endosymbiont hypothesis? As part of your explanation, describe the evidence that supports this hypothesis. 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 37 The values for ΔG have been determined for many di erent metabolic reactions. What information do these values provide about the rates of the reactions? What other information do ΔG values provide? 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 38 Cellular respiration has a ΔG of -686 kcal/mol, breaking glucose down through 24 enzymatic reactions. What are the bene ts of breaking down glucose over so many individual steps? 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 39 What happens to mitochondria when a cell divides? 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 40 A. You have two auxotrophic mutant strains of N. crassa that will not grow on minimal medium but will grow ne if arginine is added to the medium. Is it more likely that these genes encode enzymes involved in the synthesis of arginine or the catabolism of arginine? (1 mark) B. Suppose one mutant (named gene X) will also grow on minimal medium supplemented with citrulline, whereas the other mutant (named gene Y) will also grow on minimal medium supplemented with either citrulline or ornithine. (Remember, they also grow on medium supplemented with arginine). Using this information, write out the pathway for the synthesis of arginine including both the small molecules (arginine, ornithine and citrulline) and the enzymatic functions encoded by the X and Y genes. (5 marks) The mould, Neurospora crassa, is an autotroph. It synthesizes all the molecules it needs, including amino acids, such as arginine. 6 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 15/18 QUESTION 41 A. Which of the following are proteins: (1 mark) a. enhancer b. transcription factor c. RNA pol II d. intron e. mediator complex f. TATA box B. Which two items in the list above play the primary role in the developmental and environmental regulation of eukaryotic genes. (2 marks) Thinking about gene regulation in eukaryotes: 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 42 A. Give the nucleotide sequence of the anticodon that would recognize the underlined codon in the mRNA (making sure to label anticodon’s 5’ and 3’ ends. (2 marks) B. Indicate the amino acid with which the tRNA carrying this anticodon is charged. (1 mark) Using the genetic code table and the schematic sequence of an mRNA molecule below: mRNA: 5’ NNNNNNNNN UGG NNNNNNNNNNNN 3’ 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 43 A. Describe the structure of an operon. (2 marks) B. Indicate why this structure is useful in the context of bacterial gene regulation. (2 marks) Thinking about bacterial gene regulation: 4 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 16/18 QUESTION 44 Describe three ways that the primary RNA transcript of a human gene may be modi ed prior to its translation. 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 45 During metaphase I, the tetrads of each homologous chromosome pair are aligned at the metaphase plate. Explain how the processes that happen in metaphase I and anaphase I will in uence genetic variation in the resulting gametes? 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 46 In the fruit y Drosophila melanogaster, wild type wings are long and are a dominant trait, whereas short (vestigial) wings are a recessive trait. You are given a male y with long wings. How would you determine the genotype of this y using a traditional crossing experiment? Include in your answer the possible results and what they mean. 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 47 The Turner syndrome (monosomy of the sex chromosome pair) is a genetic disease caused by aneuploidy of the sex chromosome in humans. Patients with the 45,X karyotype (also written as 45,XO to denote that one sex chromosome is missing) are female. Describe the two scenarios leading to patients with Turner syndrome. Would either of these scenarios need to be speci cally and only happening in one of the parents (and in which, if so)? 4 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 17/18 QUESTION 48 A. How many ies have the + +/b vg genotype? (1 mark) B. What is the cM distance between black body and vestigial wing loci? (2 marks) Morgan and his students decide to repeat their famous mapping study in Drosophila focusing on the loci black body and vestigial wings in a dihybrid cross framework. Remember that wild type ies have grey bodies and normal wings. In the F2 generation, they observe the following number of ies based on phenotypes: Grey body, normal wings: 945 Black body, vestigial wings: 869 Grey body, vestigial wings: 193 Black body, normal wings: 207 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 49 In a hypothetical population, there are no new mutations and all individuals have the same tness. Is evolution happening in this hypothetical population? Justify your response. 2 points Save Answer QUESTION 50 Life on the Earth appeared approximately 4 billion years ago and life remained unicellular through most of this time. What changes in the genome correlated with the expansion of organism complexity and the appearance of multicellular life. 3 points Save Answer QUESTION 51 Describe how experience, notes and observations, and reading contributed to Darwin developing his theory of natural selection? 3 points Save Answer 12/06/2020 Preview Test: BIOL1020 Semester One Final Examination 2020 &... https://learn.uq.edu.au/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course_assessment_id=_184085_1&course_id=_128036_1&content_id=_53850… 18/18 QUESTION 52 A. If you dilute 500 µL of a 0.4 M solution of MgCl2 with water to make up a 800 µL solution, what would be the concentration of MgCl2 in the nal solution (explain your calculations in words). (2 marks) B. If you added 9.42 mg of MgCl2 (MW 94.2 g) to the 800 µL solution you made in (A), what would its new concentration be? (explain your calculations in words) (2 marks) 4 points Save Answer QUESTION 53 If you felt that during this exam you had make an assumption regarding a particular questions. please use this space to specify those assumptions, and which questions those assumptions relate to. You may also include queries you may have made with respect to a particular question, should you have been able to ‘raise your hand’ in an examination room. 0 points Save Answer
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