辅导案例-PMATH 340-Assignment 5

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PMATH 340 Number Theory, Assignment 5 Due: Tues Aug 4
Read Chapter 8 in the Lecture Notes, and work on the Exercises for Chapter 8 in the Practice Problems.
Then solve each of the following problems.
1: (a) Let n = 2020. List all of the pairs (x, y) ∈ Z2 such that x2 − y2 = n.
(b) Let n =
(
30
7
)
. Find the number of pairs (x, y) ∈ Z2 such that x2 + y2 = n2.
(c) Write 650 as a product of irreducible elements in Z[i], then list all of the pairs (x, y) ∈ Z2 with 0 ≤ x ≤ y
such that x2 + y2 = 650.
2: (a) Find all solutions (x, y) ∈ Z2 to Pell’s Equation x2 − 29 y2 = 1.
(b) Find all solutions (x, y) ∈ Z2 to the Pell-like equation x2 − 21 y2 = 4.
3: The alpha curve in R2 is the set A =
{
(x, y) ∈ R2 ∣∣ y2 = x3 + x2}. Define f : A \ {(0, 0)} → R \ {1,−1}
as follows: given (0, 0) 6= (a, b) ∈ A let f(a, b) = u where u is the (unique) real number such that the point
(1, u) lies on the line through (0, 0) and (a, b). Define g : R \ {1,−1} → A \ {(0, 0)} as follows: given u ∈ R
with u 6= ±1, let g(u) = (a, b) where (a, b) 6= (0, 0) be the (unique) non-zero point on A which lies on the
line through (0, 0) and (1, u).
(a) Find a formula for f(a, b) and a formula for g(u) and show that f and g are inverses.
(b) Show that the points (x, y) ∈ Q2 with y2 = x3 + x2 are given by (x, y) = (u2 − 1, u3 − u) with u ∈ Q.
(c) Show that the points (x, y) ∈ Z2 with y2 = x3 + x2 are given by (x, y) = (u2 − 1, u3 − u) with u ∈ Z.
(d) Let p be a prime number. Determine the number of points (x, y) ∈ Zp2 with y2 = x3 + x2.
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