辅导案例-G 1 1

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HD·EDUCATION
E N G G 1 1 1 1 T h r e s h o l d E x a m
Tu t o r : T i a n n a
H D · E D U C AT I O N
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H D · E D U C A T I O N
Threshold Exam (20%)
Date: Monday 28th October
Time: 3PM or 4PM
Location: ABS Lecture Theatre
Materials: University approved calculator & SID
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Threshold Exam (20%)
– 20 marks
– Pass mark is 75% in the exam
– 75% equals 10 marks.
– 100% equals 20 marks
– If result ≥ 75%
• Mark Calculation = (%Result - 75%) * 0.4 +10
– If result < 75%
• Mark Calculation = (%Result - 75%) * 0.13
Knowledge Receiver Knowledge Generator
H D · E D U C A T I O N
What do engineers do?
⚫ Knowledge receiver: students are passive recipients of the
knowledge pre-packed for them by their instructor and
the curriculum
⚫ Knowledge generator: self-directed creative process of
engagement in which the learner takes responsibility for
the process of souring resources, data collection,
construction and production of new knowledge
Cultural impacts on communication
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Communicat ion
⚫ Power/Distance
⚫ Uncertainty Avoidance
⚫ Individualism/Collectivism
⚫ Masculinity/Femininity
⚫ Long-term/Short-term Orientation
What is a project?
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I n t ro d u c t i o n t o P ro j e c t M a n a g e m e n t
⚫ Temporary
⚫ Unique
⚫ Vary in size, scope, cost and time
What is project management?
H D · E D U C A T I O N
I n t ro d u c t i o n t o P ro j e c t M a n a g e m e n t
⚫ Project management provides a structured approach to
managing projects
⚫ Relies on an integrated information and control system to:
-Plan, instruct, monitor, and control data and resources
-Enable effective facilitation of problem solving and
decision making processes
Nine knowledge area of project management
H D · E D U C A T I O N
I n t ro d u c t i o n t o P ro j e c t M a n a g e m e n t
⚫ Scope Management
⚫ Time Management
⚫ Cost Management
⚫ Quality Management
⚫ Human Resource Management
⚫ Communications Management
⚫ Risk Management
⚫ Procurement Management
⚫ Project Integration
Basic project management stages
H D · E D U C A T I O N
I n t ro d u c t i o n t o P ro j e c t M a n a g e m e n t
⚫ Identify/define the problem to be solved
⚫ Determine the main “stages” of the project
⚫ Breakdown stages into tasks
⚫ Determine interdependency of tasks (if any)
⚫ Investigate risks associated with stages/tasks
⚫ Estimate/determine time required for each task
⚫ Set milestones & deadlines
⚫ Allocate resources to tasks
Why important for engineers?
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Cr i t i ca l Th ink ing
⚫ Engineers need to think about validity when solving
problems
⚫ Social responsibility (must make well informed decisions)
Process
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Cr i t i ca l Th ink ing
⚫ Intellectual standards
⚫ Elements of reasoning
⚫ Intellectual traits
Reflection on our learning
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Learn ing
⚫ Metacognition: Thinking about one’s own thinking
⚫ Self-Efficacy: Strength of one’s belief in their ability
⚫ Agency: Capacity of a person to act in given environment
⚫ Horizons for action: Variety of actions or choices you have
able to you in any given situation
Innovation vs Origination
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Innovat ion
⚫ Innovation: significant modification of something that
exists
⚫ Origination: something brand new
Innovation
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Creative thinking model
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Creat ive Th ink ing
⚫ Exploration
⚫ Incubation
⚫ Intimation
⚫ Illumination
Barriers to creative thinking
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Creat ive Th ink ing
⚫ Perceptual barriers: prevents clear understanding of the
design problem
⚫ Cultural barriers: discourage non-traditional approaches
that violate social norms
⚫ Environmental barriers: anything in your immediate
surrounding which inhibits creativity
⚫ Emotional barriers: feelings that discourage you from
considering a solution or distract you from the problem
⚫ Intellectual barriers: insufficient knowledge of a topic to
incorporate it into the design
Identify alternatives
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Creat ive Th ink ing
⚫ Vertical thinking: logic and fact
⚫ Lateral thinking: risk taking and imagination
⚫ Brainstorming
Perceptual Barriers
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Different approaches
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Engineer ing Des ign
⚫ Selection design: selecting standard components and
assembling in straightforward manner
⚫ Configuration design: Typically involves use of standard
components, components located and arranged to
improve performance or reduce size
⚫ Parametric design: Parameters may be embedded in
equations that express relationship between design
parameters, objectives and/or constraints
⚫ Original design
Selection Design
H D · E D U C A T I O N
What is a Model?
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Models
⚫ Physical/ Virtual/ Mathematical models
1. As a proof of concept
2. As a design tool
3. As an analytical tool
Proper ties
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineer ing Requi rements
⚫ Abstract (what the system will do)
⚫ Unambiguous
⚫ Verifiable
⚫ Traceable
⚫ Validation (determining if requirements meet user needs )
Engineering Requirement
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Requirement
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineer ing Requi rement
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Requirement
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Engineering Requirement
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Engineering Requirement
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Engineering Requirement
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Requirement
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Types
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Engineer ing Requi rement
⚫ Performance and functionality
⚫ Reliability and availability
⚫ Energy
⚫ Environmental
Judge alternative solution
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Requirement Specification
⚫ Cost
⚫ Performance: features and functions of design
⚫ Reliability: expected frequency of failure
⚫ Maintainability: cost, expertise and resources required to
keep product operational over its lifetime
Requirement Specification
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Stages
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Product L i fe Cyc le
⚫ Requirement analysis (What is the problem to be solved)
⚫ System design (How will problem be solved)
⚫ Detailed design
⚫ Production
⚫ Distribution
⚫ Consumption
⚫ Retirement
Consumption
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Product L i fe Cyc le
⚫ Design for maintainability
⚫ Design for the environment
⚫ Design for operational safety
Retirement
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Product L i fe Cyc le
⚫ Design for ease of dismantling
⚫ Design for environmental responsibility
Requirement Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
System Design
H D · E D U C A T I O N
System Design
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Product L i fe Cyc le
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Product L i fe Cyc le
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Product L i fe Cyc le
H D · E D U C A T I O N
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Concurrent Engineer ing
⚫ Systematic approach to the integrated, concurrent design
of products and the related processes, including
manufacturing and support.
⚫ Requires a multi-disciplined design team including
personnel from manufacturing, marketing, sales,
production, support, maintenance
⚫ Intended to promote designers/developers (from the
outset) to consider all elements of the product life cycle;
from conception through to disposal
⚫ Reduces late (costly) changes from other sources, as those
sources are involved from the start of the project
⚫ Enabling quality products to get to market quicker
Concurrent Engineering
H D · E D U C A T I O N
DFM
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Des ign for Manufactur ing
⚫ Design aimed at minimising the cost of production while
maintaining an appropriate level of quality
⚫ Prevents producing designs that are expensive/difficult to
manufacture
DFM
H D · E D U C A T I O N
DFA
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Des ign for Assembly
⚫ Design aimed at reducing the time and cost required to
assemble a product, while maintaining high quality in the
finished product
DFA
H D · E D U C A T I O N
What is a hazard?
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Hazards
⚫ Source or situation with the potential for harm in terms of
human injury or ill health, damage to property,
environment or a combination of these
What is r isk?
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Risk
⚫ The chance of something happening that will have a
negative impact. It is measured in terms of consequences
and likelihood
Risk in relation to hazards
⚫ The probability and potential consequence(s) of
occurrences of injury, illness or damage arising from
exposure to a hazard
Hazard
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Risk
H D · E D U C A T I O N
HOC
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Hierarchy of Contro l
HOC
H D · E D U C A T I O N
HOC
H D · E D U C A T I O N
HOC
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HOC
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HOC
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HOC
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HOC
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HOC
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Types of standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineer ing Standards
⚫ Mandatory : must conform to (legislation or contract)
⚫ Guidance: informative or “industry best practice”
⚫ Industry: consortium (usually proprietary)
Kinds of standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineer ing Standards
⚫ Performance standards: address how system performs
and functions, doesn't specify how to meet standard
⚫ Design standard
Engineering Standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Engineering Standards
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Engineering Standards
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Costs
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Economi cs of p roduct deve l opment
⚫ Fixed costs
⚫ Variable costs
Breakeven Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Breakeven Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Breakeven Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Breakeven Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
Breakeven Analysis
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Breakeven Analysis
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Breakeven Analysis
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Breakeven Analysis
H D · E D U C A T I O N
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H D · E D U C A T I O N
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